For a woman to start a pregnancy, a very precise chain of events is necessary. In fact, everything starts from the ovaries which must produce a cell: the oocyte (or ovum, this is ovulation). This oocyte will then travel along the fallopian tubes to reach the uterus.
- It is in the uterus that in the presence of a sperm that the oocyte can be fertilized and then implant while dividing in the uterine lining. But the obstacles to this good progress are so numerous.
- First of all a timing problem. : The oocyte (or ovum) must be fertilized within 24 hours of ovulation and spermatozoa can only survive 72 hours in the female reproductive system.
- The causes of infertility in women during this oocyte-sperm journey are very numerous; here they are in order of frequency:
Ovulation abnormalities
The ovaries are sometimes capricious organs and some women can suffer from ovulation abnormalities. Ovulation may be nonexistent (anovulation), of poor quality. It can be disturbed by micro cysts on the ovaries or it is a malfunction of the pituitary and hypothalamus which do not release hormones in the brain so that ovulation can occur. With these abnormalities, no oocyte is produced and therefore fertilization cannot take place. You can Visit this site and come up with the solutions now.
To treat these ovulation abnormalities which are the most common cause of infertility, drug treatments for ovarian stimulation can be prescribed by a doctor and these treatments must be medically monitored.
Fallopian tube abnormalities
It is the second leading cause of infertility in women. The fallopian tubes, which are located between the ovaries and the uterus, are essential for the transit of the egg to the uterus. They can become blocked, preventing the passage of the oocyte into the uterine cavity. The main cause of blockage of these tubes is an infectious disease called salinities, which is caused by sexually transmitted germs.
During an infertility assessment this possibility is examined and for this a hysterosalpingography is performed which an X-ray examination with an opacifying product is allowing to see the tubes and the uterus. The results are immediate and if this examination has a bad reputation for the pain it causes in the hours following the examination, it is certainly uncomfortable but perfectly bearable when it is carried out by a gynecologist or a radiologist.
Endometriosis
What is endometriosis?
It is a disease which can affect up to 10% of women in France and which concerns the endometrium. The endometrium is a lining that lines the uterus and, under the effect of hormones (especially estrogen) during the cycle, it thickens for the key moment of ovulation.
If there is no fertilization between the egg and a sperm, this endometrium disintegrates and bleeds: these are the rules. It happens that tissues similar to the endometrium will develop outside this simple uterine lining and in particular outside the uterus, causing lesions, adhesions or even cysts in other components of the female genital system. .
These lesions can infiltrate deeply over time and we speak of deep endometriosis which is the most serious form of this disease. The causes of this pathology are still unknown with the probable role of genetic factors (proven family heredity) but also of environmental factors (tobacco, pollution, hormonal variations).
The most common symptoms are severe pain during menstruation, during intercourse or when having a bowel movement and / or urinating in a context of great fatigue and digestive disorders sometimes accompanied by bleeding. The average age of discovery of this pathology is 27 years in women who have already had a child or not. An ultrasound-type radiological examination, or even an MRI, can be used to diagnose this pathology.
